[NFC][RemoveDIs] Provide an iterator-taking split-block method

As per the stack of patches this is attached to, allow users of
BasicBlock::splitBasicBlock to provide an iterator for a position, instead
of just an instruction pointer. This is to fit with my proposal for how to
get rid of debug intrinsics [0]. There are other call-sites that would need
to change, but this is sufficient for a stage2clang self host and some
other C++ projects to build identical binaries, in the context of the whole
remove-DIs project.

[0] https://discourse.llvm.org/t/rfc-instruction-api-changes-needed-to-eliminate-debug-intrinsics-from-ir/68939

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D152545