Reapply "llvm-dwarfdump: Report errors when failing to parse loclist/debug_loc entries""

Originally committed as 416fa772
Reverted (due to buildbot failure - breaking lldb) in 7a45aeac.

I still can't seem to build lldb locally, but Pavel Labath has kindly
provided a potential fix to preserve the old behavior in lldb by
registering a simple recoverable error handler there that prints to the
desired stream in lldb, rather than stderr.