[APFloat] Fix uninitialized variable in IEEEFloat constructors

Some constructors of IEEEFloat do not initialize member variable exponent.
Fix it by initializing exponent with the following values:

For NaNs, the `exponent` is `maxExponent+1`.
For Infinities, the `exponent` is `maxExponent+1`.
For Zeroes, the `exponent` is `maxExponent-1`.

Patch by: @nullptr.cpp (Yang Fan)

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D86997