[LazyCallGraph] Fix ambiguous index value

After having committed https://reviews.llvm.org/D72226, 2 buildbots
running GCC 5.4.0 began failing. The cause was the order in which those
compilers evaluated the left- and right-hand sides of the expression
`RC.SCCIndices[C] = RC.SCCIndices.size();`. This commit splits the
expression into multiple statements to avoid ambiguity, and adds a test
case that exercises the code that caused the test failures on those
older compilers (which was originally included in the reviewed patch,
https://reviews.llvm.org/D72226).