[libc++] Header inclusion tests.

As mandated by the Standard's various synopses, e.g. [iterator.synopsis].
Searching the TeX source for '#include' is a good way to find all of these
mandates.

The new tests are all autogenerated by utils/generate_header_inclusion_tests.py.
I was SHOCKED by how many mandates there are, and how many of them
libc++ wasn't conforming with.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D99309