[mlir][IR][NFC] Move a majority of the builtin attributes to ODS

Now that attributes can be generated using ODS, we can move the builtin attributes as well. This revision removes a majority of the builtin attributes with a few left for followup revisions. The attributes moved to ODS in this revision are: AffineMapAttr, ArrayAttr, DictionaryAttr, IntegerSetAttr, StringAttr, SymbolRefAttr, TypeAttr, and UnitAttr.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D97591