[flang][driver][openmp] Write MLIR for -save-temps

This patch adds support for producing MLIR files when using -save-temps on
flang. One MLIR file will be produced before lowering and optimization passes,
containing the operations produced by the PFT-to-MLIR lowering bridge, and
another at the end of the process, just before LLVM IR generation.

This is accomplished by forwarding the -save-temps flag from the driver to the
frontend, and modifying it to output MLIR files accordingly.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D146075