reland [IR] make -stack-alignment= into a module attr

Relands commit 433c8d95 with fixes for
MIPS.

Similar to D102742, specifying the stack alignment via CodegenOpts means
that this flag gets dropped during LTO, unless the command line is
re-specified as a plugin opt. Instead, encode this information as a
module level attribute so that we don't have to expose this llvm
internal flag when linking the Linux kernel with LTO.

Looks like external dependencies might need a fix:
* https://github.com/llvm-hs/llvm-hs/issues/345
* https://github.com/halide/Halide/issues/6079

Link: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/1377

Reviewed By: tejohnson

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D103048