[lldb] Fix handling of `DW_AT_decl_file` according to D91014 (attempt #2)

Apply changes from https://reviews.llvm.org/D91014 to other places where DWARF entries are being processed.

Test case is provided by @jankratochvil.
The test is marked to run only on x64 and exclude Windows and Darwin, because the assembly is not OS-independent.

(First attempt https://reviews.llvm.org/D96778 broke the build bots)

Reviewed By: jankratochvil

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D97765