[ValueTracking] Extend r251146 to catch a fairly common case

Even though we may not know the value of the shifter operand, it's possible we know the shifter operand is non-zero. This can allow us to infer more known bits - for example:

  %1 = load %p !range {1, 5}
  %2 = shl %q, %1

We don't know %1, but we do know that it is nonzero so %2[0] is known zero, and importantly %2 is known non-zero.

Calling isKnownNonZero is nontrivially expensive so use an Optional to run it lazily and cache its result.

llvm-svn: 251294