[mlir][analysis] Add an analysis for preserving symbol tables

This patch adds a `SymbolTableAnalysis` that can be used with the
analysis manager. It contains a symbol table collection. This analysis
allows symbol tables to be preserved across passes so that they do not
need to be recomputed. The analysis assumes it remains valid because
most transformations automatically keep symbol tables up-to-date using
its `insert` and `erase` methods.

Reviewed By: rriddle

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D139666