[Bazel] Fix version defines

Some of these were the wrong version and some of them were the wrong
format. Did some hunting around to figure out what exactly they're
supposed to be. Since basically everything is derived from the LLVM
version we should probably make this a bit less hardcoded, but just
fixing the values for now.

Sources:
https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/blob/b686fc7a1bea/clang/include/clang/Basic/Version.inc.in
https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/blob/b686fc7a1bea/clang/CMakeLists.txt#L353-L363
https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/blob/b686fc7a1bea/llvm/CMakeLists.txt#L13-L29
https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/blob/b686fc7a1bea/lld/CMakeLists.txt#L131-L138

Reviewed By: MaskRay

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D108500