[DebugInfo] Let InstrRefBasedLDV handle joins for lists of debug ops

In preparation for adding support for DBG_VALUE_LIST instructions in
InstrRefLDV, this patch updates the logic for joining variables at block
joins to support joining variables that use multiple debug operands.
This is one of the more meaty "logical" changes, although the line count
isn't too high - this changes pickVPHILoc to find a valid joined
location for every operand, with part of the function being split off
into pickValuePHILoc which finds a location for a single operand.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D128180