[TypeSize] Extend UnivariateLinearPolyBase with getWithIncrement/Decrement methods

This patch adds getWithIncrement/getWithDecrement methods to
ElementCount and TypeSize to allow:

  TypeSize::getFixed(8).getWithIncrement(8)     <=> TypeSize::getFixed(16)
  TypeSize::getFixed(16).getWithDecrement(8)    <=> TypeSize::getFixed(8)
  TypeSize::getScalable(8).getWithIncrement(8)  <=> TypeSize::getScalable(16)
  TypeSize::getScalable(16).getWithDecrement(8) <=> TypeSize::getScalable(8)

This patch implements parts of the POC in D90342.

Reviewed By: ctetreau, dmgreen

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D90713