[lldb] Add a setting to customize the prompt color (#66218)

Users often want to change the look of their prompt and currently the
only way to do that is by using ANSI escape codes in the prompt itself.
This is not only tedious, it also results in extra whitespace because
our Editline wrapper, when computing the cursor column, doesn't ignore
the invisible escape codes.

We already have various *-ansi-{prefix,suffix} settings that allow the
users to customize the color of auto-suggestions and progress events,
using mnemonics like ${ansi.fg.yellow}. This patch brings the same
mechanism to the prompt.

rdar://115390406