[sanitizer-common] Expand testing for 56-bit address spaces

This patch adds mmap_56bit_test.c, which attempts to deliberately
mmap above 2^47. This currently exposes a failure on ASan on
systems with 56-bit user address spaces, because it allows an mmap
above 2^47 but the shadow mapping is only set up for a 2^47 user address
space.

Additionally, this patch moves pie_no_aslr from the tsan tests into
sanitizer-common, for greater test coverage.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D149176