Reland "[clang-repl] Re-implement clang-interpreter as a test case."

Original commit message: "
    Original commit message:"
      The current infrastructure in lib/Interpreter has a tool, clang-repl, very
      similar to clang-interpreter which also allows incremental compilation.

      This patch moves clang-interpreter as a test case and drops it as conditionally
      built example as we already have clang-repl in place.

      Differential revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D107049
    "

    This patch also ignores ppc due to missing weak symbol for __gxx_personality_v0
    which may be a feature request for the jit infrastructure. Also, adds a missing
    build system dependency to the orc jit.
"

Additionally, this patch defines a custom exception type and thus avoids the
requirement to include header <exception>, making it easier to deploy across
systems without standard location of the c++ headers.

Differential revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D107049