[mlir] GreedyPatternRewriteDriver: Keep track of surviving ops

This change adds `allErased` to the `applyOpPatternsAndFold(ArrayRef<Operation *>, ...)` overload. This overload now supports all functionality that is also supported by `applyOpPatternsAndFold(Operation *, ...)` and can be used as a replacement.

This change has no performance implications when `allErased = nullptr`.

The single-operation overload is removed in a subsequent NFC change.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D141920