Recommit "[SCCP] Support NUW/NSW inference for all overflowing binary operators."

This reverts commit 43acb61a.

Recommit the patch after fixing the issue causing the revert in 4e607ec4.
Extra tests have been added in 5c6cb61a.

Original commit message:

   Extend the NUW/NSW inference logic add in 72121a20 and cdeaf5f2
    to all overflowing binary operators.

    Reviewed By: nikic

    Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D142721