[SimplifyLibCalls] Optimization for pow(x, n) where n is some constant

Summary:
    In order to avoid calling pow function we generate repeated fmul when n is a
    positive or negative whole number.
    
    For each exponent we pre-compute Addition Chains in order to minimize the no.
    of fmuls.
    Refer: http://wwwhomes.uni-bielefeld.de/achim/addition_chain.html
    
    We pre-compute addition chains for exponents upto 32 (which results in a max of
    7 fmuls).

    For eg:
    4 = 2+2
    5 = 2+3
    6 = 3+3 and so on
    
    Hence,
    pow(x, 4.0) ==> y = fmul x, x
                    x = fmul y, y
                    ret x

    For negative exponents, we simply compute the reciprocal of the final result.
    
    Note: This transformation is only enabled under fast-math.
    
    Patch by Mandeep Singh Grang <mgrang@codeaurora.org>

Reviewers: weimingz, majnemer, escha, davide, scanon, joerg

Subscribers: probinson, escha, llvm-commits

Differential Revision: http://reviews.llvm.org/D13994

llvm-svn: 254776