[BOLT] [AArch64] Handle constant islands spanning multiple functions

Fix BOLT's constant island mapping when a constant island marked by $d
spans multiple functions. Currently, because BOLT only marks the
constant island in the first function where $d is located, if the next
function contains data at its start, BOLT will miss the data and try
to disassemble it. This patch adds code to explicitly go through all
symbols between $d and $x markers and mark their respective offsets as
data, which stops BOLT from trying to disassemble data. It also adds
MarkerType enum and refactors related functions.

Reviewed By: yota9, rafauler

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D126177