[clang] Add missing diagnostics for invalid overloads of multiversion functions in C.

Previously, an attempt to declare an overload of a multiversion function
in C was not properly diagnosed. In some cases, diagnostics were simply
missing. In other cases the following assertion failure occured...
```
Assertion `(Previous.empty() || llvm::any_of(Previous, [](const NamedDecl *ND) { return ND->hasAttr(); })) && "Non-redecls shouldn't happen without overloadable present"' failed.
```
... or the following diagnostic was spuriously issued.
```
error: at most one overload for a given name may lack the 'overloadable' attribute
```

The diagnostics issued in some cases could be improved. When the function
type of a redeclaration does not match the prior declaration, it would be
preferable to diagnose the type mismatch before diagnosing mismatched
attributes. Diagnostics are also missing for some cases.

Reviewed By: erichkeane

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D121959