[clang-tidy] Improve documentation for modernize-use-std-print check

Remove incorrect use of double colons so that the code blocks are
rendered correctly to HTML.

Wrap the name of another check in single backticks. Wrap the name of a
macro in double backticks.

Explain that with the default settings the check is only enabled with
C++23 or later standards.

Correct std::string_data() to std::string::data().

Reviewed By: PiotrZSL

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D154151