[SelectionDAG] computeKnownBits - support constant pool values from target

This patch adds the overridable TargetLowering::getTargetConstantFromLoad function which allows targets to return any constant value loaded by a LoadSDNode node - only X86 makes use of this so far but everything should be in place for other targets.

computeKnownBits then uses this function to improve codegen, notably vector code after legalization.

A future commit will do the same for ComputeNumSignBits but computeKnownBits sees the bigger benefit.

This required a couple of fixes:
* SimplifyDemandedBits must early-out for getTargetConstantFromLoad cases to prevent infinite loops of constant regeneration (similar to what we already do for BUILD_VECTOR).
* Fix a DAGCombiner::visitTRUNCATE issue as we had trunc(shl(v8i32),v8i16) <-> shl(trunc(v8i16),v8i32) infinite loops after legalization on AVX512 targets.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D61887

llvm-svn: 361620