[clang-format] Detect pointer qualifiers in cast expressions

When guessing whether a closing paren is then end of a cast expression also
skip over pointer qualifiers while looking for TT_PointerOrReference.
This prevents some address-of and dereference operators from being parsed
as a binary operator.

Before:
x = (foo *const) * v;
x = (foo *const volatile restrict __attribute__((foo)) _Nonnull _Null_unspecified _Nonnull) & v;

After:
x = (foo *const)*v;
x = (foo *const volatile restrict __attribute__((foo)) _Nonnull _Null_unspecified _Nonnull)&v;

Reviewed By: MyDeveloperDay

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D86716