ADT: Separate some list manipulation API into ilist_base, NFC

Separate algorithms in iplist<T> that don't depend on T into ilist_base,
and unit test them.

While I was adding unit tests for these algorithms anyway, I also added
unit tests for ilist_node_base and ilist_sentinel<T>.

To make the algorithms and unit tests easier to write, I also did the
following minor changes as a drive-by:
- encapsulate Prev/Next in ilist_node_base to so that algorithms are
  easier to read, and
- update ilist_node_access API to take nodes by reference.

There should be no real functionality change here.

llvm-svn: 279484