[llvm-profdata] Check for all duplicate entries in MemOpSize table

Previously, we only checked for duplicate zero entries when merging a
MemOPSize table (see D92074), but a user recently provided a reproducer
demonstrating that other entries can also be duplicated. As demonstrated
by the test in this patch, PGOMemOPSizeOpt can potentially generate
invalid IR for non-zero, non-consecutive duplicate entries. This seems
to be a rare case, since the duplicate entry is often below the
threshold, but possible. This patch extends the existing warning to
check for any duplicate values in the table, both in the optimization
and in llvm-profdata.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D136211