Enable C++2a Chrono Literals

C++2a via http://wg21.link/p0355 permits the library
literals of 'd' and 'y'. This patch enables them in the
Lexer so that they can be properly parsed.

Note that 'd' gets confused with the hex character, so
modifications to how octal, binary, and decimal numbers are
parsed were required. Since this is simply making previously
invalid code legal, this should be fine.

Hex still greedily parses the 'd' as a hexit, since it would
a: violate [lex.ext]p1
b: break existing code.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D49504

llvm-svn: 337454