[CMake] Avoid `LLVM_BINARY_DIR` when other more specific variable are better-suited

A simple sed doing these substitutions:

- `${LLVM_BINARY_DIR}/(\$\{CMAKE_CFG_INTDIR}/)?lib(${LLVM_LIBDIR_SUFFIX})?\>` -> `${LLVM_LIBRARY_DIR}`
- `${LLVM_BINARY_DIR}/(\$\{CMAKE_CFG_INTDIR}/)?bin\>` -> `${LLVM_TOOLS_BINARY_DIR}`

where `\>` means "word boundary".

The only manual modifications were reverting changes in

- `compiler-rt/cmake/Modules/CompilerRTUtils.cmake
- `runtimes/CMakeLists.txt`

because these were "entry points" where we wanted to tread carefully not not introduce a "loop" which would end with an undefined variable being expanded to nothing.

This hopefully increases readability overall, and also decreases the usages of `LLVM_LIBDIR_SUFFIX`, preparing us for D130586.

Reviewed By: sebastian-ne

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D132316