[InstCombine] fold bitcasts around an extractelement (2nd try)

This is a redo of r255124 (reverted at r255126) with an added check for a
scalar destination type and an added test for the failure seen in Clang's
test/CodeGen/vector.c. The extra test shows a different missing optimization.

Original commit message:

Example:
  bitcast (extractelement (bitcast <2 x float> %X to <2 x i32>), 1) to float
    --->
  extractelement <2 x float> %X, i32 1

This is part of fixing PR25543:
https://llvm.org/bugs/show_bug.cgi?id=25543

The next step will be to generalize this fold:
trunc ( lshr ( bitcast X) ) -> extractelement (X)

Ie, I'm hoping to replace the existing transform of:
bitcast ( trunc ( lshr ( bitcast X)))
added by:
http://reviews.llvm.org/rL112232

with 2 less specific transforms to catch the case in the bug report.

Differential Revision: http://reviews.llvm.org/D14879

llvm-svn: 255137