[InstCombine] Split the FP constant code out of lookThroughFPExtensions and...

[InstCombine] Split the FP constant code out of lookThroughFPExtensions and use nullptr as a sentinel

Currently this code's control flow very much assumes that there are no meaningful checks after determining that it's a ConstantFP. So whenever it wants to stop it just does "return V". But V is also the variable name it uses when it wants to return a new value. So 'return V' appears multiple times with different meanings.

This patch just moves all the code into a helper function and returns nullptr when it wants to stop.

I've split this from D43774 while I try to figure out how to best handle the vector case there. But this change by itself at least seemed like a readability improvement.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D43833

llvm-svn: 326361