[WebAssembly] Implement @llvm.global_ctors and @llvm.global_dtors

Summary:
- lowers @llvm.global_dtors by adding @llvm.global_ctors
  functions which register the destructors with `__cxa_atexit`.
- impements @llvm.global_ctors with wasm start functions and linker metadata

See [here](https://github.com/WebAssembly/tool-conventions/issues/25) for more background.

Subscribers: jfb, dschuff, mgorny, jgravelle-google, aheejin, sunfish

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D41211

llvm-svn: 320774