[libc++] Split ranges.transform.binary.pass.cpp up

`ranges.transform.binary.pass.cpp` took ~25s to compile. `ranges.transform.binary.range.pass.cpp` and `ranges.transform.binary.iterator.pass.cpp` take ~13s each.

Reviewed By: ldionne, #libc

Spies: libcxx-commits

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D142183