Reland "[pgo] Avoid introducing relocations by using private alias"

In many cases, we can use an alias to avoid a symbolic relocations,
instead of using the public, interposable symbol. When the instrumented
function is in a COMDAT, we can use a hidden alias, and still avoid
references to discarded sections.

New compiler-rt tests are Linux only for now.

Previous versions of this patch allowed the compiler to name the
generated alias, but that would only be valid when the functions were
local. Since the alias may be used across TUs we use a more
deterministic naming convention, and add a `.local` suffix to the alias
name just as we do for relative vtables aliases.

Reviewed By: phosek

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D137982