[Modules] Add stats to measure performance of building and loading modules.

Measure amount of high-level or fixed-cost operations performed during
building/loading modules and during header search. High-level operations
like building a module or processing a .pcm file are motivated by
previous issues where clang was re-building modules or re-reading .pcm
files unnecessarily. Fixed-cost operations like `stat` calls are tracked
because clang cannot change how long each operation takes but it can
perform fewer of such operations to improve the compile time.

Also tracking such stats over time can help us detect compile-time
regressions. Added stats are more stable than the actual measured
compilation time, so expect the detected regressions to be less noisy.

rdar://problem/55715134

Reviewed By: aprantl, bruno

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D86895