[WebAssembly][lld] Fix crash when applying relocations to debug sections

Debug sections are special in that they can contain relocations against
symbols that are not present in the final output (i.e. not live).
However it is also possible to have R_WASM_TABLE_INDEX relocations
against symbols that don't have a table index assigned (since they are
not address taken by actual code.

Fixes: https://github.com/emscripten-core/emscripten/issues/9023

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D66435

llvm-svn: 369423