[OpenMP] Introduce more fine-grained control over the thread state use

We can help optimizations by making sure we use the team state whenever
it is clear there is no thread state. To this end we introduce a new
state flag (`state::HasThreadState`) and explicit control for the
`state::ValueRAII` helpers, including a dedicated "assert equal".

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D130113