[Sema] Fix a multiple definition bug with friends and templates

The problem was that MergeFunctionDecl sometimes needs the injected template
arguments of a FunctionTemplateDecl, but is called before adding the new
template to the redecl chain. This leads to multiple common pointers in the same
redecl chain, each with their own identical instantiation. Fix this by merging
the the common state before inserting the new template into the redecl chain.

rdar://44810129

Differential revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D53046

llvm-svn: 344157