[AMDGPU][NFCI] Decouple actual register encodings from HWEncoding values. (#69452)

The HWEncoding values currently form a strange mix of actual register
codes for some subtargets and types of operands and informational flags.
This patch removes the dependency allowing arbitrary changes in the
structure of HWEncoding values without breaking register encodings.

Such changes, in turn, would make it possible to speed up and simplify
getAVOperandEncoding() testing for AGPRs as well as other functions
dealing with register codes downstream. They would also allow to
maintain the same format of HWEncoding values across our downstream code
bases, thus simplifying merging in mainline changes.