[LinkerWrapper][NFC] Rework command line argument handling in the linker wrapper

Summary:
This patch reworks the command line argument handling in the linker
wrapper from using the LLVM `cl` interface to using the `Option`
interface with TableGen. This has several benefits compared to the old
method.

We use arguments from the linker arguments in the linker
wrapper, such as the libraries and input files, this allows us to
properly parse these. Additionally we can now easily set up aliases to
the linker wrapper arguments and pass them in the linker input directly.
That is, pass an option like `cuda-path=` as `--offload-arg=cuda-path=`
in the linker's inputs. This will allow us to handle offloading
compilation in the linker itself some day. Finally, this is also a much
cleaner interface for passing arguments to the individual device linking
jobs.