[NFC][RemoveDIs] Prefer iterators over inst-pointers in InstCombine

As per my proposal for how to eliminate debug intrinsics [0], for various
places in InstCombine prefer to insert using an instruction iterator rather
than an instruction pointer. This is so that we can eventually pass more
information in the iterator class. These call-sites where I've changed the
spelling are those that necessary to build a stage2clang to produce an
identical binary in the coming no-debug-intrinsics mode.

[0] https://discourse.llvm.org/t/rfc-instruction-api-changes-needed-to-eliminate-debug-intrinsics-from-ir/68939

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D152543