[XRay] Refactor file header reading (NFC)

Summary:
This patch moves out the definition of the XRay log file header from
binary logs into its own header and implementation file.

This is one part of the refactoring being done in D50441.

Reviewers: eizan

Subscribers: mgorny, hiraditya, llvm-commits

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D51086

llvm-svn: 340389