[libTooling] Transformer: refine `SourceLocation` specified as anchor of changes.

Summary: Every change triggered by a rewrite rule is anchored at a particular
location in the source code.  This patch refines how that location is chosen and
defines it as an explicit function so it can be shared by other Transformer
implementations.

This patch was inspired by a bug found by a clang tidy, wherein two changes were
anchored at the same location (the expansion loc of the macro) resulting in the
discarding of the second change.

Reviewers: gribozavr

Subscribers: cfe-commits

Tags: #clang

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D66652

llvm-svn: 373093