[lld-macho] Check address ranges when applying relocations

This diff required fixing `getEmbeddedAddend` to apply sign
extension to 32-bit values. We were previously passing around wrong
64-bit addend values that became "right" after being truncated back to
32-bit.

I've also made `getEmbeddedAddend` return a signed int, which is similar
to what LLD-ELF does for its `getImplicitAddend`.

`reportRangeError`, `checkUInt`, and `checkInt` are counterparts of similar
functions in LLD-ELF.

Reviewed By: #lld-macho, thakis

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D98387