[mlir][vector] First step of vector distribution transformation

This is the first of several steps to support distributing large vectors. This
adds instructions extract_map and insert_map that allow us to do incremental
lowering. Right now the transformation only apply to simple pointwise operation
with a vector size matching the multiplicity of the IDs used to distribute the
vector.
This can be used to distribute large vectors to loops or SPMD.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D88341