Implement DR1388 (wg21.link/cwg1388).

This issue clarifies how deduction proceeds past a non-trailing function
parameter pack. Essentially, the pack itself is skipped and consumes no
arguments (except for those implied by an explicitly-specified template
arguments), and nothing is deduced from it. As a small fix to the standard's
rule, we do not allow subsequent deduction to change the length of the function
parameter pack (by preventing extension of the explicitly-specified pack if
present, and otherwise deducing all contained packs to empty packs).

llvm-svn: 291425