[SelectionDAG] Add partial BITCAST support to computeKnownBits

Adds support for bitcasting a little endian 'small element' vector to 'large element' scalar/vector (e.g. v16i8 to v4i32 or v2i32 to i64), which is required for PR30845. We extract the knownbits for each 'small element' part and concatenate the results together.

We can add support for big endian and 'large element' scalar/vector to 'small element' vector bitcasting once we have test cases for them.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D27129

llvm-svn: 289200