[DAGCombiner] reduce insert+bitcast+extract vector ops to truncate (PR39016)

This is a late backend subset of the IR transform added with:
D52439

We can confirm that the conversion to a 'trunc' is correct by running:
$ opt -instcombine -data-layout="e"
(assuming the IR transforms are correct; change "e" to "E" for big-endian)

As discussed in PR39016:
https://bugs.llvm.org/show_bug.cgi?id=39016
...the pattern may emerge during legalization, so that's we are waiting for an 
insertelement to become a scalar_to_vector in the pattern matching here.

The DAG allows for fun variations that are not possible in IR. Result types for 
extracts and scalar_to_vector don't necessarily match input types, so that means 
we have to be a bit more careful in the transform (see code comments).

The tests show that we don't handle cases that require a shift (as we did in the
IR version). I've left that as a potential follow-up because I'm not sure if 
that's a real concern at this late stage.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D53201

llvm-svn: 344872