DR2303: Prefer 'nearer' base classes during template deduction.

DR2303 fixes the case where the derived-base match for template
deduction is ambiguous if a base-of-base ALSO matches. The canonical
example (as shown in the test) is just like the MSVC implementation of
std::tuple.

This fixes a fairly sizable issue, where if a user inherits from
std::tuple on Windows (with the MS STL), they cannot use that type to
call a function that takes std::tuple.

Differential Revision: https://reviews.llvm.org/D84048