[libc++] Remove _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_FGETPOS_FSETPOS (#72073)

Instead of using individual macros to turn off missing C library
features, we use the using_if_exists attribute now. This patch removes
the _LIBCPP_HAS_NO_FGETPOS_FSETPOS macro used to workaround missing
fgetpos and fsetpos on older versions of Android -- using_if_exists
should take care of those in the headers and we should add appropriate
XFAILs to the tests instead of using TEST_HAS_NO_FGETPOS_FSETPOS.